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Lipids and their functions

LIPIDS

Introduction

The lipids are a heterogenous group of compounds related to fatty acids. They are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ether, alcohol, chloroform and benzene.
Lipids include fats, oils, waxes, cholesterol and related compounds.
Functions
(i) Lipids as hydrophobic compounds are components of cellular membranes.
(ii) They also store energy, because of higher proportion of C-H bonds and very low proportion of oxygen, lipids store double the amount of energy as compared to the same amount of any carbohydrate.
(iii) Some lipids provide insulation against atmospheric heat and cold and also act as water proof material.
(iv) Waxes, in the exoskeleton of insects and cutin, are an additional protective layer on the cuticle of epidermis of some plant organs. Leaves, fruits and seeds etc. are some of the main examples.

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